本文實例講述了python獲取文件后綴名及批量更新目錄下文件后綴名的方法。分享給大家供大家參考。具體實現方法如下：
1. 獲取文件后綴名：
復制代碼
代碼如下:
#!/usr/bin/python
import os
dict = {}
for d, fd, fl in os.walk('/home/ahda/Program/'):
??????? for f in fl:
??????????????? sufix = os.path.splitext(f)[1][1:]
??????????????? if dict.has_key(sufix):
??????????????????????? dict[sufix] += 1
??????????????? else:
??????????????????????? dict[sufix] = 1
for item in dict.items():
??????? print "%s : %s" % item
import os
dict = {}
for d, fd, fl in os.walk('/home/ahda/Program/'):
??????? for f in fl:
??????????????? sufix = os.path.splitext(f)[1][1:]
??????????????? if dict.has_key(sufix):
??????????????????????? dict[sufix] += 1
??????????????? else:
??????????????????????? dict[sufix] = 1
for item in dict.items():
??????? print "%s : %s" % item
這里的關鍵是os.path.splitext()
如abc/ef.g.h ，這里獲取到的是h
2. python查找遍歷指定文件路徑下指定后綴名的文件實例：
復制代碼
代碼如下:
import os
import sys
import os.path
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(startdir):
??????? for filename in filenames:
??????????? if os.path.splitext(filename)[1] == '.txt':
?????????????? filepath = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
?????????????? #print("file:" + filepath)
?????????????? input_file = open(filepath)
?????????????? text = input_file.read()
?????????????? input_file.close()
??????????????
?????????????? output_file = open( filepath, 'w')
?????????????? output_file.write(text)
?????????????? output_file.close()
import sys
import os.path
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(startdir):
??????? for filename in filenames:
??????????? if os.path.splitext(filename)[1] == '.txt':
?????????????? filepath = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
?????????????? #print("file:" + filepath)
?????????????? input_file = open(filepath)
?????????????? text = input_file.read()
?????????????? input_file.close()
??????????????
?????????????? output_file = open( filepath, 'w')
?????????????? output_file.write(text)
?????????????? output_file.close()
3. 批量重命名目錄中的文件后綴實例：
復制代碼
代碼如下:
import os
def swap_extensions(dir, before, after):
??? if before[:1] != '.': #如果參數中的后綴名沒有'.'則加上
??????? before = '.' + before
??? thelen = -len(before)
??? if after[:1] != '.':
??????? after = '.' + after
??? for path, subdir, files in os.walk(dir):
??????? for oldfile in files:
??????????? if oldfile[thelen:] == before:
??????????????? oldfile = os.path.join(path, oldfile)
??????????????? newfile = oldfile[:thelen] + after
??????????????? os.rename(oldfile, newfile)
??????????????? print oldfile +' changed to ' + newfile
if __name__ == '__main__':
??? import sys
??? if len(sys.argv) != 4:
??????? print 'Usage:swap_extension.py rootdir before after'
??????? sys.exit(1)
??? swap_extensions(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3])
def swap_extensions(dir, before, after):
??? if before[:1] != '.': #如果參數中的后綴名沒有'.'則加上
??????? before = '.' + before
??? thelen = -len(before)
??? if after[:1] != '.':
??????? after = '.' + after
??? for path, subdir, files in os.walk(dir):
??????? for oldfile in files:
??????????? if oldfile[thelen:] == before:
??????????????? oldfile = os.path.join(path, oldfile)
??????????????? newfile = oldfile[:thelen] + after
??????????????? os.rename(oldfile, newfile)
??????????????? print oldfile +' changed to ' + newfile
if __name__ == '__main__':
??? import sys
??? if len(sys.argv) != 4:
??????? print 'Usage:swap_extension.py rootdir before after'
??????? sys.exit(1)
??? swap_extensions(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3])
例子:將e:/py/test目錄下.php結尾的文件重命名為.py
?
E:py>python_cook e:/py/test .php .py
e:/py/testtest.php changed to e:/py/testtest.py
e:/py/test1.php changed to e:/py/test1.py
e:/py/test2.php changed to e:/py/test2.py
希望本文所述對大家的Python程序設計有所幫助。
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