翻譯： Boost.Asio 基礎(chǔ)剖析 收藏

Basic Boost.Asio Anatomy

Boost.Asio基礎(chǔ)剖析

Boost.Asio may be used to perform both synchronous and asynchronous operations on I/O objects such as sockets. Before using Boost.Asio it may be useful to get a conceptual picture of the various parts of Boost.Asio, your program, and how they work together.

Boost.Asio可用于在諸如socket對(duì)象上執(zhí)行同步和異步操作。在使用Boost.Asio之前，了解一下Boost.Asio和你的程序的各個(gè)部分的概念圖，以及它們?nèi)绾我黄鸸ぷ鳎欠浅Ｓ杏玫模?

As an introductory example, let's consider what happens when you perform a connect operation on a socket. We shall start by examining synchronous operations.

作為一個(gè)入門例子，讓我們了解一下，當(dāng)你在執(zhí)行一個(gè)socket連接時(shí)，發(fā)生了什么情況。這里我們將開始研究 同步 操作。

Your program will have at least one io_service object. The io_service represents your program 's link to the operating system 's I/O services.

你的程序?qū)⒅辽儆幸粋€(gè) io_service 對(duì)象，這個(gè) io_service 代表了你的程序到操作系統(tǒng)的

I/O服務(wù)的連接。

boost::asio::io_service io_service;

To perform I/O operations your program will need an I/O object such as a TCP socket:

為了執(zhí)行I/O操作，你的程序需要一個(gè) I/O 對(duì)象，如 TCP socket:。

boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket socket(io_service);

When a synchronous connect operation is performed, the following sequence of events occurs:

當(dāng)異步連接操作執(zhí)行時(shí)，下列事件順次發(fā)生：

1. Your program initiates the connect operation by calling the I/O object :

你的程序通過調(diào)用 I/O 對(duì)象初始化連接操作，

socket.connect(server_endpoint);

2. The I/O object forwards the request to the io_service .

I/O轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)請(qǐng)求到io_service .

3. The io_service calls on the operating system to perform the connect operation.

io_service調(diào)用操作系統(tǒng)執(zhí)行連接操作

4. The operating system returns the result of the operation to the io_service .

操作系統(tǒng)返回操作結(jié)果給 io_service

5. The io_service translates any error resulting from the operation into a boost::system::error_code. Anerror_codemay be compared with specific values, or tested as a boolean (where afalseresult means that no error occurred). The result is then forwarded back up to the I/O object .

io_service 將任何錯(cuò)誤代碼轉(zhuǎn)換為 boost::system::error_code，這個(gè)error_code可以和特定值比較，也可作為boolean測(cè)試（false表示沒有錯(cuò)誤發(fā)生）。結(jié)果然后轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)回 I/O 對(duì)象

6. The I/O object throws an exception of typeboost::system::system_errorif the operation failed. If the code to initiate the operation had instead been written as:

如果操作失敗， I/O 對(duì)象拋出 boost::system::system_error類型的異常。如果初始化操作的代碼按下面的方式書寫：

boost::system::error_code ec;

socket.connect(server_endpoint, ec);

then the error_codevariableecwould be set to the result of the operation, and no exception would be thrown.

那么 error_code 變量 ec 將被設(shè)置為操作的結(jié)果，并且沒有異常拋出。

When an asynchronous operation is used, a different sequence of events occurs.

當(dāng)使用異步操作時(shí)，將是不同的事件產(chǎn)生順序

1. Your program initiates the connect operation by calling the I/O object :

你的程序通過調(diào)用I/O對(duì)象初始化連接操作

socket.async_connect(server_endpoint, your_completion_handler);

where your_completion_handleris a function or function object with the signature:

這里your_completion_handler是一個(gè)帶有signature (目標(biāo)識(shí)別特征)的函數(shù)或函數(shù)對(duì)象：

void your_completion_handler(const boost::system::error_code& ec);

The exact signature required depends on the asynchronous operation being performed. The reference documentation indicates the appropriate form for each operation.

確切的signature (目標(biāo)識(shí)別特征)根據(jù)執(zhí)行的異步操作的不同而不同，參考文檔為每個(gè)操作列出了正確的形式。

2. The I/O object forwards the request to the io_service .

I/O 對(duì)象將請(qǐng)求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給io_service

3. The io_service signals to the operating system that it should start an asynchronous connect.

io_service通知操作系統(tǒng)，告訴操作系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)一個(gè)異步連接

Time passes. (In the synchronous case this wait would have been contained entirely within the duration of the connect operation.)

過一段時(shí)間。（在同步操作的情況下，這個(gè)等待是整個(gè)連接操作的時(shí)間）

4. The operating system indicates that the connect operation has completed by placing the result on a queue, ready to be picked up by the io_service .

操作系統(tǒng)通過在隊(duì)列里放置一個(gè)結(jié)果來指示連接操作已經(jīng)完成，這個(gè)結(jié)果等待 io_service來取。

5. Your program must make a call toio_service::run()(or to one of the similar io_service member functions) in order for the result to be retrieved. A call toio_service::run()blocks while there are unfinished asynchronous operations, so you would typically call it as soon as you have started your first asynchronous operation.

為了確保結(jié)果能夠被收到，你的程序必須調(diào)用io_service::run()（或相似的io_service成員函數(shù)）。當(dāng)有未完成的操作時(shí)，io_service::run()的調(diào)用被阻塞，所以你要在第一次啟動(dòng)異步操作后盡快調(diào)用io_service::run()。

6. While inside the call to io_service::run(), the io_service dequeues the result of the operation, translates it into anerror_code, and then passes it to your completion handler .

在io_service::run()內(nèi)部， io_service 從隊(duì)列移除操作結(jié)果，轉(zhuǎn)換為 error_code ，并傳遞給 your completion handler

源文檔 < http://blog.csdn.net/asmc51/archive/2009/09/09/4536287.aspx >

Boost.Asio基礎(chǔ)剖析